2011年高考题
1.(2011全国卷,32)
They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A.will B.can C.must D.should
答案 D
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成;can have done可能做过……吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句;must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测;should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选D。
2.(2011全国卷II,8)
If you ______ smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. should C. must D. may
答案 C
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要,坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求,选C。
3.(2011北京卷,24)
——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
——Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
答案 D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他?——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。
4.(2011北京卷,28)
——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
——I wish they ______ always late.
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
答案 A
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气,题干中出现always,从句虚拟使用一般过去时。
选A。
5.(2011北京卷,30)
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
答案 C
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间,if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。选C。
6.(2011天津卷,15)
I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come
答案 D
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来,但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间,因此前句是对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选D。
7.(2011上海春招,27)
Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t
答案 B
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止,不允许;won’t不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性;mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。
8.(2011江苏卷,34)
——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
答案 B
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成,must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过,语气比较婉转或不肯定,根据句意选B。
9.(2011福建卷,25)
——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
——I am afraid you ______, in case he comes late for the meeting .
A.will B.must C.may D.can
答案 B
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?——恐怕你得这样做,以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句,选B。
10.(2011福建卷,34)
——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended
答案 D
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的,但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选D。
11.(2011安徽卷, 26)
——What do you think of store shopping in the future?
——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.
A. will never replace B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced
答案 C
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看?——我个人认为会与在家购物并存,但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with homeshopping,排除虚拟的选项D,这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C。
12.(2011浙江卷,11)
——How’s your new babysitter?
——We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should B.might C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t
答案 D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样?——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该;might可能,可以;mustn‘t禁止;couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。
13.(2011四川卷,20)
The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______.
A.can B.may C.must D.should
答案 A
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must必须;should应该。根据句意,选A。
14.(2011重庆卷,25)
——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night.
A. could B. might C. would D. should
答案 C
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会?——我想来的,但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气;might可能,表示不确定;would愿意,偏要,表示意志;should应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。
15.(2011陕西卷,22)
I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
答案 A
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间,对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选A。
16.(2011陕西卷,24)
——Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
——OK. You ______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must C. could D. shall
答案 D
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?——好的,如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D。
17.(2011湖南卷,28)
No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can B. need C. must D. might
答案 A
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以,能够;need需要;must必须;might可能。故根据题意,选A。
18.(2011辽宁卷,21)
If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
答案 C
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以,能够;may 可能,许可;must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要;will将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选C。
19.(2011江西卷23)It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.needn’t
答案:B
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止,不允许;can’t 不可能;won’t 不愿意,就是不,偏不;needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”,only一词肯定语气强烈,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。
20.(2011江西卷28)We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put
答案:B
解析:考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示,yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选B。
2010年高考题
1.(10安徽32)
Jack described his father, who ______ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong–willed man
A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been
答案:D.
考点:本题考查情态动词推测用法。
解析:句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人,他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”
用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。
2.(10湖南23)
You ______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to
答案:D
考点:情态动词
解析:don’t have to 意为“没有必要”,符合语境,句意为:“你没有必要买礼物,但如果你
想买的话,你也可以买。”
3. (10江西23)
I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?
A Must B Can C May D Will
答案:A
考点:考察情态动词的用法。
解析: must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我
告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经
说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗?
4. (10山东25)I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
答案:A
考点:本题考查情态动词的用法。
解析:句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该
做而做了某事”用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。
5. (10天津9)
Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
答案:A.
考点:考查情态动词。
句意:迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后,他早半个小时到达了。
解析:根据后面的语境,提前半个小时到达,说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙,所以用needn’t
have done 结构,表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。
6. (10四川3)
— ______ I take the book out? —I'm afraid not.
A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need
答案:B
考点:考查情态动词。
解析:表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.
句意为:“我可以将这本书带出去吗?”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。
7. (10全国Ⅰ29)
Just be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon .
A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. whether
答案:A
句意:耐心一点儿,你不能期望世界变化如此快。
解答:通过选项此题考察情态动词,can't在否定句中可以表示推测,译为不可能,,可以
表示能力,译为不能够,也可以表示命令,不允许,但是语气比mustn't弱,具有劝慰的
意思,根据句意此题中选择A,can't表示劝慰。
8. (10江苏25)
—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.
A. could B. shall C. must D. may
答案:B
解析:shall在第二人称中表示允诺,还可以表示强制,命令,威胁,警告。还有在法律条
文中的要求或规定。
9. (陕西 23)
May I take this book out of the reading room?
No, you ______. You read it in here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
答案:D
解析:考查情态动词。英语中用could,might表示询问或征求意见的问句中,肯定性应答
要用can或may来代替could或might,而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用
mustn’t,故本题选D。
10. (10全国Ⅱ17)
I’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D .needn’t
答案:A
解析:情态动词考查。结合语境,根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时,要用can’t。
11. (10湖北79)
It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they ________(不可能做到)because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)
答案:can’t/ couldn’t have done it
考点:情态动词
解析:当要对过去进行肯定的推测时,要用 “can’t/couldn’t+have+done”的结构
12(10辽宁26)
Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.
A.can B.will C.must D.may
答案:C
句意:医生说锻炼对身体重要,但是必须是有规律的锻炼。
解析:考查情态动词。Can一般表示“可能,或能力”;will表示“意志”;may表示“许可,
可能”;must表示“必须”。
13. (10北京23)
---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel
Department.
--Ah, good morning. You ______ be Mrs. Peters.
A. might B. must C. would D. can
答案:B
考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用。
解析:第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约,那下面的人就回应说,"那您一定就是Mrs.
Peters了"因此排除A,C.D
14. (10浙江17)
“You ______ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”
A. need B. can
C. must D. would
答案:C
考点:情态动词
15. (10上海29)---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you ______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't
答案:C
考点:本题考查的是虚拟语气
解析:此处表示和过去事实相反的情况,应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做,而未做
16. (10安徽26)
Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he _____.
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy
答案:A.
考点:本题考查虚拟语气与时态。
解析:前句表示对过去的虚拟,而but之后表示过去的客观事实,故用一般过去时态。
17. (10湖南29)
If he ______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
答案:C
考点:考查虚拟语气。
解析:根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,
故选C项。
18. (10天津15)
John went to the hospital alone. If he ______ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
答案:D.
考点:考查虚拟语气。
句意:约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话,我会跟他一起去的。
解析:前一句是陈述语气,说明动发生在过去,而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone
说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构,应该用had +过去分词。
19(10江苏34)
George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ______ more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
答案:选B
解析:would rather后应用虚拟语气,表示与现在时间相反,用动词的过去式
20.(陕西15)
If we ______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
答案:B.
解析:考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语,根据主句的谓语动词
形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反,故所填部分用had+过去分词形式,
21. (10湖北76)
Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)
答案:(should) be discussed
考点:虚拟语气
解析:“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟,从句结构是 “should”(可省略)加动词原形,
主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论”。
22.(10北京34)
--The weather has been very hot and dry.
--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______ .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die
C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
答案:D
考点:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。
解析:第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了,现在的情况就好的多了!我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨,所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.
23.(10浙江10)
Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______.
A.would have been saved B.had been saved
C.will be saved D.was saved
答案: A
考点:本题考查虚拟语气。
解析:根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气,原形是:If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为:如果我
早知道这个电脑程序,就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。
2009年高考题
1. (09安徽29)
Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they ______ just be quiet people.
A. must B. may C. should D. would
答案 B
2. (09北京25)
One of the few things you ______ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.
A. need B. must C. should D. can
答案B
3. (09福建35)
But for the help of my English teacher, I ______ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
答案B
解析 虚拟语气。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反,句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might + have done结构,故选B。
4. (09湖南30)
— It’s the office! So you ______ know eating is not allowed here.
— Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will C. may D. need
答案A
解析 句意为:这是办公室!因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示“绝不”的意思。
5. (09海南25)
What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ______ be twelve
A. should B. would C. will D. shall
答案 A
解析 你这是什么意思,只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should表示“应该,应当”。
6. (09上海27)
It _____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
答案 C
7. (09四川13)
—I don’t care what people think.
—Well, you _______
A. could B. would C. should D. might
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议——你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议,所以答案为:C
8. (09天津15)
This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
答案 B
9. (09重庆32)
—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
—She _____ in the classroom. I saw her there just now.
A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been
答案C
10. (09全国Ⅱ20)
I can’t leave. She told me that I ______ stay here until she comes back.
A. can B. must C. will D. may
答案 B
11. (09江苏28)
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ______ it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
答案 C
2008年高考题
1.(08全国Ⅱ17)
Liza ______ well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.
A.will B.can C.must D.may
答案 D
解析 句意为:Liza极有可能不想去旅行——她讨厌旅行。may well很可能,极有可能,表示猜测。
当表示猜测时,will和can不能与well连用,must只能用于肯定句中。
2.(08北京21)
John promised his doctor he ______ not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.
A.might B.should C.could D.would
答案 D
解析 句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟,从那以后,他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺,故应选择D项。
3.(08天津6)
She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A.can’t B.wouldn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
答案 A
解析 句意为:她不可能离开了学校,因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。can’t表示不可能;wouldn’t have done表虚拟;shouldn’t have done本不该做(却已做了);needn’t have done本没必要做(但已做了)。
4.(08江西26)
What a pity!Considering his ability and experience, he ______ better.
A.need have done B.must have done
C.can have done D.might have done
答案 D
解析 句意为:太遗憾了!鉴于他的能力和经验,他本可能做得更好。need have done本来有必要做(而没做);must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测,表示“过去一定做了”;can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测;might have done表示“本来可以”。
5.(08湖南28)
You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book.You ______ find the book by the title.
A.must B.need C.can D.would
答案 C
解析 句意为:要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。can表示“可以,能够”。
6.(08陕西9)
—What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?
—Well, it ______ be big—that’s not important.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.won’t
答案 B
解析 句意为:“你想要什么样的房子?要大的吗?”“噢,它不需要很大,那不重要。”由...that’s not important.这一语境可知,空格处应表示“不需要”,故须用needn’t。
7.(08四川10)
Although this ______ sound like a simple task,great care is needed.
A.must B.may C.shall D.should
答案 B
解析 句意为:尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务,但是需要非常仔细。must一定,必须;may可能,可以;
shall将要;should应该。各自表达的意义不同,选may最妥当。
8.(08重庆30)
—I can’t find my purse anywhere.
—You ______ have lost it while shopping.
A.may B.can C.should D.would
答案 A
解析 may表达推测之意,意为“可能……”。
9.(08浙江11)
You ______ be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago!
A.wouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
答案 B
解析 句意为:你不可能饿了,你两个小时之前才吃的午饭!can’t指不可能;mustn’t表猜测时,不能用于否定句;
Needn’t指没有必要。
10.(08福建24)
It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it ______ be rather cold sometimes.
A.must B.can C.should D.would
答案 B
解析 must必然,一定;can可能;should应该;would(过去)将,总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会……”。
11.(08辽宁22)
Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A.shall B.should C.can D.must
答案 C
解析 句意为:虽然彼得总体上来说是一个好人,但有时真的难以相处。can在这里不表示主观的推测,而表示
客观的可能性。
12.(08江苏35)
—I’m sorry.I ______ at you the other day.
—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.
A.shouldn’t shout B.shouldn’t have shouted
C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted
答案 B
解析 句意为:“对不起,几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要放在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”
shouldn’t have done sth.本不应该做某事(但已经做了)。
13.(08山东24)
Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A.can manage B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed
答案 B
解析 could have done本能够做某事(但没做)。
2004-07年高考题
A组
1.(07全国Ⅰ27)
—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ______ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A.will B.would C.should D.must
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词的区别。will可用来表示“意愿;客观必然性等”;would可表示“意愿;过去常常(现在也可能是那样的)”;should表示“应该,理应”;must表示“必然;一定,准是”。结合语境可知,此处用should表示虚拟。句意为:“这本来应该是美丽的,但是现在它被严重污染了。”
2.(07北京26)
In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care of your luggage.
A.can B.may C.must D.will
答案 C
解析 句意为:在像飞机场和车站这样拥挤的地方,你一定要照看好自己的行李。must表示“必须,一定”符合句意。
3.(07上海29)
—Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.
—Great!You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A.must B.should C.must have D.should have
答案 C
解析 由“have got A”可知是对过去发生事情的推测,故用“情态动词+have done”结构。must have done表示“必定做过某事”,符合题意。
4.(07安徽23)
The teacher ______ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose.
A.should B.can C.would D.must
答案 D
解析 must have done表示对过去所做事情的肯定判断,表示“一定……”。
5.(07江西27)
—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You ______ it in the wrong place.
A.must putB.should have putC.might put D.might have put
答案 D
解析 考查情态动词表推测的用法。由yesterday可知A、C两项错误;should应该,理应;might或
许,可能,显然D项正确。
6.(06全国Ⅰ24)
There’s no light on—they ______ be at home.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 A
解析 考查情态动词的用法。句意为:(家中)没有亮灯,——他们肯定不在家。此处要用情态动词表推测,且用于否定句表示“肯定不……”,故can’t符合要求。must表推测时不用于否定句,mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”;needn’t表示“不需要”;shouldn’t表示“不应当”,故A项符合要求。
7.(06全国Ⅰ31)
Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.
A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened
答案 D
解析 考查虚拟语气的用法。as if仿佛,好像,其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。句意为:Eliza清楚地记得每一件事,仿佛它是昨天发生的!句中remembers为一般现在时,故as if从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。
8.(06全国Ⅱ10)
We hope that as many people as possible ______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A.need B.must C.should D.can
答案 D
解析 句意为:我们希望尽可能多的人能参加我们明天的野餐。用can.表示可能性。
9.(06北京25)
— What’s the name?
— Khulaifi. ______ I spell that for you?
A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might
答案 A
解析 shall在问句中征求对方意见,主要用于第一人称。答语句意为:“我给你拼写一下好吗?”
10.(06天津11)
We ______ have proved great adventurers,but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A.needn’tB.may notC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t
答案 B
解析 句意为:我们或许还没有证明是伟大的探险者,但我们已取得了在过去的10年里的最伟大的进展。故应用may not。
11.(06浙江19)
— Could I have a word with you,mum?
— Oh dear,if you ______.
A.can B.must C.may D.should
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词的用法。句意为:妈妈,我可以和你说句话吗?”“噢,亲爱的,如果你非要说的话。”must表示必须要做的事。
12.(06福建27)
If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing,I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词的用法。题中that引导同位语从句。“she can’t sing”是一个事实,是指在能力、技能等方面不能、不会。
13.(06湖南32)
Some aspects of a pilot’s job ______ be boring,and pilots often ______ work at
inconvenient hours.
A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must
答案 A
解析 考查情态动词的用法。句意为:飞行员工作的某些方面可能是令人厌倦的,并且飞行员经常在不方便的时候工作。第一空表示的是客观的可能性,应用can;而第二空说在不方便的时候
还要干,因此表示客观上的必须,用have to,意为“不得不”。
14.(05全国Ⅰ26)
Tom,you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词。wouldn’t用以提示客气的请求;mustn’t表示禁止,不允许;needn’t表示没必要;may not表示不可以。根据语境要求Tom不许把衣服放在地板上。
15.(05全国Ⅲ19)
John,look at the time. ______ you play the piano at such a late hour?
A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need
答案 A
解析 must在此处显示出说话人的不快,有“难道非要”的意思。
16.(05北京26)
He ______ have completed his work;otherwise,he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A.should B.mustC.wouldn’t D.can’t
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词表猜测的用法。由句意 “他一定是已经完成工作了;否则,他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴。”可知是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。
17.(05上海27)
There ______ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.
A.mustn’t B.shan’tC.shouldn’t D.needn’t
答案 C
解析 句意为:因为你在驾校已经训练了这么多,通过路考一定没有什么困难。本句中表达出劝慰对方的语气。mustn’t表示“禁止,不允许”,表示警告或命令; shan’t表示“将不会”;shouldn’t表示据情况推测“理应……”;needn’t表示“不必……”。
18.(05天津14)
I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t B.couldn’tC.mustn’t D.needn’t
答案 B
解析 考查对过去发生的情况的推测。couldn’t have done是对过去发生情况的否定推测,其肯定形式同样是对过去发生情况的推测,意为“可能已……”。shouldn’t have done本来不应该……,但实际已经……;needn’t have done本来不需要……,但实际上已经……;must表示推测时,只用在肯定句中。故选B项。
19.(05辽宁26)
This cake is very sweet.You ______ a lot of sugar in it.
A.should put B.could have putC.might put D.must have put
答案 D
解析 句意为:这蛋糕,非常甜。你一定放了许多糖在里面。
20.(05浙江9)
The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______ be very slow.
A.should B.must C.will D.can
答案 D
解析 此处表达一种可能性,要用can, 其他三项都表示主观情态。should应该,义务,must必须,一定,will将会,都与句意不符。
21.(05福建31)
—Catherine,I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks.You ______ it.I could manage it myself.
A.needn’t do B.needn’t have done C.mustn’t do D.shouldn’t have done
答案 B
解析 考查情态动词的完成式和一般式的区别。needn’t do不需要做……;mustn’t禁止做……,都用于现在的动作;needn’t have done表示做了本来不必去做的事;shouldn’t have
done是本不该做却做某事。
22.(05湖南24)
—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
—She ______.I have already borrowed one.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词的辨析。根据后面的句子“I’ve already borrowed one”说明她没必要借字典给我了,故选C项。
23.(05湖北32)
—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—Well,he ______ have gone far—his coat’s still here.
A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.wouldn’t
答案 C
解析 由句意可知,“他肯定没走远”,此处是对过去的否定推测,而且语气最强,故用can’t have done。
24.(04福建32)
—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You ______ her last week.
A.ought to tell B.would have told C.must tell D.should have told
答案 D
解析 考查“情态动词+have done”构成的虚拟语气用法。答语句意为:你本该上周就告诉她(其实没告诉她)。
25.(04湖北26)
—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry,I am not sure.But it ______ be.
A.might B.will C.must D.can
答案 A
解析 “I am not sure”说明说话者对情况没有把握,推测语气较弱,使用might。
B组
1.(07湖南24)
The biggest problem for most plants,which ______ just get up and run away when threatened,is that animals like to eat them.
A.shan’t B.can’tC.needn’t D.mustn’t
答案 B
解析 句意为:对于绝大多数受到威胁时不能起来就逃跑的植物来说,最大的问题是动物喜欢吃它们。Sahan’t表将来;needn’t不必,mustn’t禁止,都不正确。
2.(07陕西14)
I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I ______ have driven her there.
A.could B.must C.might D.should
答案 D
解析 本题考查情态动词。could have done(过去)可能做过;本能够做……;must have done(过去)肯定做过;might have done(过去)可能做过;should have done本应该做(而事实上没做)。由句意“我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆,但或许我应该开车送她去那儿。”可知应选D项。
3.(07四川24)
—What does the sign over there read?
—“No person ______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”
A.will B.may C.shall D.must
答案 C
解析 shall用于第二、三人称,表示命令、允许、警告等,此处表示警告。
4.(07重庆29)
—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You ______ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A.don’t have to B.oughtn’t to C.mustn’t D.can’t
答案 A
解析 don’t have to不必;oughtn’t to不应当;mustn’t禁止,不允许;can’t不可能。答语句意为:“除了与父母呆在一起和做你自己以外,你不必做任何事情。因此A项符合题意。
5.(07浙江15)
—My cat’s really fat.
—You ______ have given her so much food.
A.wouldn’t B.couldn’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn't
答案 C
解析 考查情态动词。句意为:——我的猫真胖。——你本不应该给她那么多食物。shouldn’t have done sth本不应该做某事(暗含做了)。
6.(07福建25)
My MP4 player isn’t in my bag.Where ______ I have put it?
A.can B.must C.shouldD.would
答案 A
解析 考查情态动词。由句意“我的MP4不在我包里。我可能把它放哪儿了?”可知应选A。can have done过去可能做过而must have done“过去肯定做过”,只能用于肯定陈述句;should have done本应该做过(而事实上没做);would have done只能用于虚拟语气。
7.(07江苏22)
—She looks very happy.She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.
A.should B.could C.must D.might
答案 C
解析 must have passed the exam肯定是通过考试了,由前句中的“happy”和下句中的“not difficult after all”
可以推知。
8.(07山东32)
They ______ two free tickets to Canada,otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.
A.had got B.got C.have got D.get
答案 B
解析 “otherwise they’d never have been able...”这一句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气;而“他们弄到了两张去加拿大的免费票”却是事实,故用一般过去时。
9.(06湖北31)
______ fired,your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A.Would you be B.Should you be C.Could you be D.Might you be
答案 B
解析 句意为:如果你被炒了,你的医疗保险和其他利益并不会立即取消。与将来事实相反的假设,从句用答案B项。
10.(06山东30)
— May I smoke here?
— If you ______,choose a seat in the smoking section.
A.should B.could C.may D.must
答案 D
解析 由本题语境可知,空白处应表示“非得……”之意,故须用must。
11.(06江西24)
The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I ______ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A.should have taken B.could have taken
C.needn’t have taken D.mustn’t have taken
答案 C
解析 句意为:昨天天气不错,我本没有必要不怕费事带把伞。could have done表示“本能够做而未做”;should have done表示“本应该做而未做”;mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”;needn’t have done表示“本不必做而做了”。take the trouble to do sth.表示“不怕费事或困难尽力做某事”。
12.(06江苏21)
— I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
— You ______.You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A.will B.may C.have to D.should
答案 D
解析 本题考查情态动词的基本用法。will用于第二人称常用来表示命令、指示,意为“务必,必须”;may表示“可能,也许”,常用于请求许可;have to表示“不得不”;should可用于表示主观看法、建议、劝说,意为“应当,应该”。在此句中,答话者表示同意对方的想法。答语句意为:你应该(打个电话),你好长时间没与他联系了。故D项符合情景要求。
13.(06广东22)
— Must he come to sign this paper himself?
— Yes,he ______.
A.need B.mustC.may D.will
答案 B
解析 表示要求时,肯定回答用must, 否定用needn’t。
14.(06四川32)
—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ______ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.won’tC.can’tD.needn’t
答案 C
解析 can’t表示否定推测,must表示肯定推测。
15.(06陕西19)
As you worked late yesterday,you ______ have come this morning.
A.mayn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
答案 D
解析 句意为:既然你昨天工作得那么晚,今早上你就没必要来了。从意思上显示选择项表示“没必要……”。
16.(05湖北33)
If I ______ plan to do anything I wanted to,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A.would B.could C.had toD.ought to
答案 B
解析 句意为:如果我能计划做任何想做的事,我想去西藏尽可能地游览一番。观察一下句中的时态,因为都是过去时,句意表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,因此此处应用情态动词的过去
时,表示的意思是“假如我们现在能够……”,could表示不存在的可能性。
17.(05重庆33)
I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A.should have been doing B.must have been doing
C.could have done D.would have done
答案 B
解析 must have done用于肯定句中,表示对过去事情的推测,意为“想必是,一定是”。否定句、疑问句中对过去情况的推测,要用can/could have done的形式。
18.(05山东34)
He paid for a seat,however,he ______ have entered free.
A.could B.would C.must D.need
答案 A
解析 paid暗示时间上指的是过去,could have done用于肯定句中表示本可以做而未做的事情;肯定句中不用need have done; must have done与语境不吻合。
19.(05江西22)
—Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?
—Something ______ to him.
A.must happen B.should have happened
C.could have happened D.must have happened
答案 D
解析 本题考查情态动词的用法。must have done的意思是“一定发生了某事”。由对话所提供的情景可知:汤姆从不迟到,所以他“一定有事”。因此D项正确。
20.(05安徽26)
Helen ______ go on the trip with us,but she isn’t quite sure yet.
A.shall B.must C.may D.can
答案 C
解析 此题考查情态动词的用法。may表示一种可能性。如果没有具体的语境的话,B、D两项也可以选,但是意思就不同了。
21.(05江苏31)
—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh,dear!She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A.may go through B.might go through
C.ought to have gone through D.must have gone through
答案 D
解析 考查“情态动词+have done”。从语境分析,表示某人一定干过某事,而且是对过去情况肯定的推测,故应用must have done。C项相当于should have done表示对对方的责备,意思是“应该做而未做”,在此不符合题意。
22.(05江苏33)
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?
—I agree,but the problem is he has refused to.
A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that
C.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what
答案 B
解析 not be sent是虚拟语气,相当于should not be sent。
23.(04重庆24)
“The interest ______ be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge.
A.may B.should C.must D.shall
答案 D
解析 考查shall的习惯用法。shall与第二、三人称名词连用,表示义务,责任,决心,许诺,它可以用于条文中;should/must用于口语中。
24.(04重庆29)
There are eight tips in Dr.Roger’s lecture on sleep,and one of them is: ______ to bed early
unless you think it is necessary.
A.doesn’t go B.not to go C.to going D.don’t go
答案 D
解析 祈使句的否定形式是在句首加don’t。
25.(04全国Ⅰ29)
—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
—No,it ______ be him.I am sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.may not
答案 A
解析 考查否定的推断。can’t不可能;must not不许;won’t将不会;may not可能不。根据“I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses(我确信他不戴眼镜)”可知,说话者的态度是:不可
能是他。
26.(04上海28)
Children under 12 years of age in that country ______ be under adnlt’s supervision when in a public library.
A. must B.may C.can D.need
答案 A
解析 句意为:未满12岁的儿童必须在成人的监督下呆在图书馆。表示“必须”时用must侧重主观,have to侧重客观。
27.(04天津31)
—Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well,if you ______ know,her name is Mabel.
A.may B.can C.must D.shall
答案 C
解析 此题中的must表示“一定要, 坚持要”。
28.(04湖南28)
—Excuse me,but I want to use your computer to type a report.
—You ______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A.shan’t B.might not C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 A
解析 本题考查shall的用法。shall用于第二、三人称,可表示命令、威胁。shall not=shan’t。
29.(04上海春29)
You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture.
A.must B.shall C.may D.need
答案 C
解析 根据情景确定情态动词表示“猜测”,may not表示“可能不”。
(本资源转自沪江英语)
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